Developmental Milestones
WESTLOCK CHILD
CARE SOCIETY
Early Literacy
What is Literacy?
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Receptive language
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listening
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hearing
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understanding others
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Expressive language
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body language
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gestures
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facial expressions
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speech
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phonetics
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grammar
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syntax
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1
Literacy is Socially and
Culturally Created
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We learn to speak with others in our environment
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Different cultures have different ways of using receptive and expressive language
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Research shows environments rich in literacy (books, magazines, signs, labels, print, and technology) help children learn language faster
2
Literacy and Play
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Children make sense of their environment through play
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Children learn the precursors to reading well before formal schooling
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Pretending to read a menu, writing a scribbled food order, and handing you a bill are all examples of literacy play
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These are crucial skills children must learn
3, 8
Literacy at Home
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Visit the library
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Read books and model how to use them
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Explain signs in your neighbourhood
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Provide writing tools, such as crayons, paper, pencils, paint
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Show an interest in the alphabet
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Let children choose what they would like to read
4, 5, 6, 9
Literacy in Early
Childhood Programs
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Provide learning environments rich in multiple literacies
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areas for books, art, dance, pretend play, music, and problem-solving
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one-on-one, small group, and large group activities
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Screen children for possible delays in development
4, 10
Literacy and Technology
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Research recommends children under the age of 2 have no screen time
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Research is showing an alarming trend of children not meeting their developmental milestones due to excessive screen time
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Provide opportunities to develop literacy using technology meaningfully, intentionally, and positively
7, 11
Resources
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Association of Early Childhood Educators of Alberta - multiple resources for educators and families, scroll down for videos
- Early Childhood Coalitions Alberta - resources for families on developmental domains
Referrals
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Alberta Health Services, Early Childhood Division
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Audiologist (hearing test)
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Speech and Language Pathologist (SLP)
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General Practitioner (family doctor)
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References
Nilsen, B.A. (2017). Week by week: Plans for documenting children's development (7th ed.). Boston: Cengage Learning.
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Durán, L. (2018). Understanding Young Children's Everyday Biliteracy: "Spontaneous" and "Scientific" Influences on Learning. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy. 18 (1). 71-96.
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Saracho, O.N. & Spodek, B. (2006). Young Children's Literacy-Related Play. Early Child Development and Care 176 (6). 707-721.
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International Reading Association (IRA) & National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). (1998). Learning to read and write: Developmentally appropriate practices for young children. A joint position statement of the International Reading Association (IRA) and the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). The Reading Teacher, 52, 193-216
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Neumann, M.M., Hood, M., Ford, R.M., & Neumann, D.L. (2011). The Role of Environmental Print in Emergent Literacy. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy. 12 (3). 231-258.
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Long, S. (2004). Passionless Text and Phonics First: Through a Child's Eyes. Language Arts, 81 (5). 417-426.
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Neumann, M.M. & Neumann, D.L. (2013). Touch Screen Tablets and Emergent Literacy. Early Childhood Education Journal. 42. 231-239.
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Weigel, D.J., Martin, S.S., & Bennett, K.K. (2005). Ecological influences of the home and the child-care center on preschool-age children's literacy development. Reading Research Quarterly. 40 (2). 204-233.
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Lukie, I.K., Skwarchuk, S-L., LeFevre, J-A., & Sowinski, C. (2013). The Role of Child Interests and Collaborative Parent-Child Interactions in Fostering Numeracy and Literacy Development in Canadian Homes. Early Childhood Education Journal. 42. 254-259
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International Literacy Association. (2018). What effective Pre-K literacy instruction looks like. Retrieved from https://www.literacyworldwide.org/docs/default-source/where-we-stand/ila-what-effective-pre-k-literacy-instruction-looks-like.pdf
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Flewitt, R., Messer, D., & Kucirkova, N., (2015). New Directors for Early Literacy in a Digital Age: The iPad. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy. 15 (3). 289-310.
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